Ammonites first appeared around 240 Million years ago during the Triassic period. They descended from straight shelled Cephalopods, Orthoceras being a well known species characterised by its long straight chambered body. Ammonoids and their relatives in general, go all the way back to the Devonian, so by the time the Triassic came around, there was many well evolved species of Ammonite in existence. It is thought that the Permian extinction, 252 Million years ago, may have given the newly formed ammonite species a helping hand in becoming so prolific. At the end of the Permian, some 96% of all marine life, and 70% of terrestrial life became extinct. It is one of the worst extinction events the world has ever experienced. At the end of the Triassic era, only one species of ammonite survived.
Nautiloids from China
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